Older Adult Measure

Social isolation measure

What is this measuring?

Measures social isolation – the opposite of social well-being – in older adults.

Source(s)

Nicholson Jr, N. R., Feinn, R., Casey, E. A., & Dixon, J. (2020). Psychometric evaluation of the social isolation scale in older adults. The Gerontologist, 60(7), e491-e501.

Survey items and coding/answer choices

Please answer the questions below about your interaction with others. Thinking about your family, friends, or neighbors…

Please answer the questions below about your interaction with others. Thinking about your family, friends, or neighbors:

Interaction None 1 2-3 4-5 6 or more
1. How many of them do you see face-to-face at least once a month? 1 2 3 4 5
2. How many of them do you communicate with on a personal level by phone or electronically (e.g., by email, video chat, and/or internet) at least once a month? 1 2 3 4 5
3. How many of them do you feel close to on a personal level (e.g., could confide in or share personal feelings with)? 1 2 3 4 5
Please answer the questions below about your interaction with others. Thinking about your family, friends, or neighbors…

Interaction 1 Strongly disagree 2 Somewhat disagree 3 Neither agree nor disagree 4 Somewhat agree 5 Strongly agree
4. Overall, I feel that my relationships are fulfilling. 1 2 3 4 5
5. I feel like I just don’t belong. 1 2 3 4 5
6. I feel that I spend enough time involved in social activities. 1 2 3 4 5

Scaling – how to combine items / score

A connectedness subscale is created by summing items 1, 2, and 3.

A belongingness subscale is created by reverse coding item 5 and then summing items 4, reverse-5, and 6.

A total isolation scale score is created by summing all items (with item 5 being reverse coded).

Psychometrics – Cronbach’s alpha if possible

The α values for total (.77) and connectedness (.81) and .63 for the subscale belongingness.